Upholstery fabric care labels are small tags or printed instructions typically located on the underside or back of furniture pieces. These labels might seem unimportant at first glance, but they play a crucial role in maintaining the appearance and longevity of your furniture. Knowing the meaning behind these codes can help you avoid costly damage and keep your upholstery looking fresh for years.

Care labels usually use a combination of letters and symbols to indicate cleaning methods. A widely used labeling system uses four letters: W, S, WS, and X. Each letter refers to a specific type of cleaning solution or method. For example, a "W" means the fabric can be cleaned with water-based solutions. Common water-based cleaning products are safe to use. Still, too much moisture should be avoided, as soaking the fabric can lead to stains or shrinkage.

An "S" indicates that the fabric should only be cleaned with solvent-based cleaners. Such cleaners are typically water-free dry cleaning agents. Moisture on "S" fabrics risks color loss, warping, or material damage.

A "WS" label means that both water-based and solvent-based cleaners are safe to use. This provides greater cleaning versatility, but it's still wise to test any cleaner on a small, hidden area first. Check for adverse reactions in an inconspicuous spot to ensure the fabric won't be damaged.

The letter "X" serves as a clear warning. This indicates home cleaning with water or solvents is not permitted. It's advised to use a certified cleaning wool carpet service instead. Cleaning "X" fabrics without professional help might destroy the fabric or invalidate the warranty.

In addition to the cleaning codes, you may also find other symbols indicating whether the fabric is bleach-safe, iron-friendly, or suitable for tumble drying. These indicators are rarer on upholstery pieces, they still provide useful information. For example, a slashed iron symbol warns against direct heat.

Knowing the material type is essential when applying care guidelines. Natural fibers like cotton and linen may react differently than synthetic materials like polyester or nylon. Protective treatments on some upholstery can be compromised by incorrect cleaning techniques.

To maintain your upholstery, regular vacuuming and immediate attention to spills are essential. Use a dry, clean cloth to blot spills—rubbing may enlarge the stain. Stick to the label’s instructions prior to using cleaning solutions.

Spending a moment to interpret care tags helps avoid permanent damage. Adhering to suggested cleaning practices preserves your furniture's value and appearance.